Grinding and polishing machine



May 23, 1933. l. J. HASKEL 1,910,897

GRINDING AND'POL-ISHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 195o 5 sheets-sheet Y1 May 23, 1933- l. J. HsKr-:L

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet, 2

v umunnuuur-x u ATTORNEY y May 23, 1933. x. J. HAsKEL GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 l EN R dZSl'd/anehfv. bis/@ ATTORN EY May 23, '1933. l. J. HAsKr-:L I 1,910,897

GRINDING AND 1l=oLIsH1NcT MACHINE Filed Nov. 25 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY v May 23, 1933- l. ,1. HAsKEL GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented May 23, 1933 PATENT oFFlcE ISIDOBE J'. HASKEL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK @BINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Application led November 25, 1930. Serial No. 498,025

This invention relates to a grindin and polishing machine for various materia s.

The invention has for its object a machine, by means of which fiat and moulded surfaces can be easily produced on stone, metals, glass v or other materials. The second object. of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, in which the grinding and polishing appurtenances are actuated at high speed. The third object of the invention is the production of means for a grinding and polishing machine, with which the pressure of the grinding and polishing elements on the material operated upon is automatically indicated. The fourth object of the invention is the production of means to grind they surfaces of thematerial operated upon, first with small steel balls, then with tine steel powder, and finally to means for polishing the material operated upon. The fifth 0bject of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine in which the dbris resulting from its operations is washed away by jets of water, whereb the use of plaster blocks, and the like, for lling in between adjacent stonesoperated upon is obviated. The sixth object of the invention is the 'production of. agrinding and polishl ing machine constructed in units spaced from one another, each unit built to protect its moving elements from the debris produced while operating and especially to protect the polishing unit from such` debrls. The seventh object of the invention is Vthe production' of a grinding andpolishing machine, in which the units for the various' steps of its operation may consist of a plurality of similar appurtenances.

The eighth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, in which the grinding and polishing materials are continuously and automatically fed to the objects operated upon.

The ninth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, that eliminates the usual packing, framing and plastering for the stones or other objects operated upon.

The tenth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, in which small balls, preferably of steel, are maintained in operative position by magnetic force and are used as grinding elements.

The eleventh object of the invention is the use of carborundum blocks, instead of loose carborundum and Water, avoiding the loss of loose carborundum. A

The twelfth object of the invention is the use of a constantly fed polishing mixture to the surface of the object operated upon.

The thirteenth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, comprising a plurality of grinding units andone or more polishing units, operating on the objects to be ground and polished, one after the other',` so that said objects Vare fed to the Imachine at one end and delivered at the other, a finished article.

The fourteenth object of the invention is the production of a grinding' and polishing machine, with which smooth and nonwavy surfaces are produced on the objects oper-A ated upon` without any special caro of the operator, after said objects are properly positioned in the machin The fifteenth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishing machine, comprising -a plurality of grinding and polishing drums, that rotate and at the same time reciprocate in directions parallel to their longitudinal axes, to produce smooth even and non-wavy surfaces on theV objects operated upon.

The sixteenth object of the invention is the production of a grinding and polishin machine, provided with ammeters to indicate the pressure of the grinding and polishing appurtenances on the objects operated upon, to avoid the liability of error on the part of the operator, as to the pressure that is produced on the objects operated upon.

The seventeenth object of the invention is the` production of a grinding and polishing machine, in which the stones 4or other ob'ects 95 to be operated upon are located in the eed- .ing end of the machine and leveled with -the assistance of plumb marks on the four corners of the objects or stones operated upon, and for which the machin-e first reduces the 10G Fig. 3 is a right hand view of Fig. 2 with sections as on the lines 3, 3 and 5, 5 of said Fig. 2; Fig. 4 indicates a top view of Fig. 2 with a section of Fig. 2 on the line 4, 4: Fig. 5 represents a section of Fig. 2 on the line 5, 5; Fig. 6 shows a partial section of Fig. 2 on the line 6, 6; Fig. 7 indicates a section of Fig. 6on the line..7,7; Fig. 8 is an enlar ed partial section of Fig. 6 on the line 8, 8; ig. 9 shows an enlar ed section of Fig. 1 on the line 9, 9; Fig. 10 indicates a section of Fig. 9 on the line 10, 10; Fig. 11 shows a front view of a special grinding segment;

-left hand view of Fi 1 Fig. 12 represents an enlarged section of Fig. 2 on the line 12, 12; Fig. 13 indicates an enlarged section as on the line 13, 13 of Fig. 3; Fig. 14 shows an enlarged fragmentary portion of Fig. 6; Fig. 15 indicates an enlarged fragmentaryportion of Fi .I 3; Fi 16 is a partial top plan view of ig. 15; ig. 17 shows another form of the sprocket chains with their appurtenances Fig. 18 is a partial 7 Fig. 19 shows a fragmentary enlar e portion of one end of Fig. 1 with a m ification; Fig. 20 represents an end view of a modified operating .or grinding drum; and Fig. 21 shows a partial topiview of Fig. 20.

he grinding and polishing machine in this instance is indicated with the foundation comprising the longitudinal walls 20, which on their inner faces have formed therewith the ledges 22 and 23. At their ends the walls 20 have formed therewith the platforms 24 with lthe pillars 25.

To the ledges 22 are secured the angle :shaped tracks 30. H beams 31 are supported upon and fastened to the ledges 23. Pairs of journal brackets 33 and 34 are supported .upon the platforms 24 of the foundation. A

shaft 35 is journaled inthe journal brackets 33, and a similar shaft 36 is journaled in the 'ournalbrackets 34. The shaft 36 is driven a motor, not shown, or by other means File shaft 35 has fastened thereto the pair of sprocket chain wheels 38 and the shaft 36.

has fastened thereto the pair of sprocket chain wheels 39. Sprocket chains 40 connect the sprocket chain wheels 38 and 39.'

Pairs of sup lemental links 45 are connected to the sproc et chains 40 and support the- Pairs of channel irons 48 pusher bars 47. are fastened toand sup orted upon the H beams 31 and have form therein the journal bearings 49. Supporting rollers 50 are ining units designated in their entireties y the l letters A and B and a polishing unit designated in its entirety by the letter C. The unit A -is used for the rst grinding operation of the machine. The unit B is used for the second grinding operation ofy said machine and the unit C is used for the third and polishing operation of the machine. The said units A, B and C may be increased in number, providing two or more units A, for the first grinding operation, two or more units B for the second grinding operation and two or more units C for the polishing operation.

Each of said units A, B and C comprises four similar vertical H beams 58 which eX- tend up from the walls 20, of the foundation aiid are fastened thereto by the foundation bolts 59. Pairs of guides 6() are'fastened to the H beams 58. Upon the upper ends of the H beams 58 are su ported the similar housings 62, V63, 64 an 65. Each housing 4comprises the lower cup shaped member having the horizontal walls 66, the depending flanges 67 and the upper 'anges 68. A cap 69 is fastened to the lower member of the housing. Journal bearings 7 0 are formed with each of said housings. i To one of the H beams 58 of each unit A, B and C is fastened a bracket 71, which supports the electric motor 72. To the armature shaft of the said motor is fastened the pinion73. A longitudinal shaft 75 is journaled in the journal bearings 70 of the housin s 62 and 63. To the shaft 75 are fastened 51e bevel gears 76, 77 and the spur` ear 79, which latter meshes with the pinion 3. To the housings 62 and 65 are bolted the similar journal brackets 81 and 82. A cross shaft 83 is journaled in the 'journal brackets 81 and 82. A bevel ear 85 'is fastened to one end of the cross s aft 83 i and meshes with the bevel gear 76. A second bevel gear 86 is fastened to the other end of the' cross shaft 83. Brackets 87 and-'88 respectively, similar to 81 and 82 are fastened to the housings 63 and 64, and have j ournaled therein the second cross shaft 93. On the cross shaft 93 are fastenedthe bevel gears 94 and 95. The bevel *gear 94 meshes with the bevel gear 77. In the journal bearings 70 of each of the housings 64 land 65 is journaled a shaft 96. To one of the shafts 96 is fastened the bevel gear 97 and to the other the bevel gear 98. The bevel gear 97 meshes with the bevel ear`86 and the bevel gear 98 meshes- 'with t e bevel To the shaft 5 in each of the housings 62 and 63 (see Figs. 2, 15 and 16) is fastened a worm 99. In each of the housings 62 and 63 is rotatively positioned an interiorly threaded fastened to the wall 66. `The upper member 102 of the ball bearing race is posltioned over the member 101. Ball vbearin s .103 are p0- sitioned as usual in` said ball earin members. A worm wheel 104 is fastene to the sleeve 100 and mesheswith the worm 99. The

upper member` .102 of 'the ball race is fastened to the worm wheel 104. A verticalscrew 108 -havin the shank 109 at. its lowerend, is-in '\threa ed engagement with the threads ofy the sleeve 100. To each shank 109 is fastened a collar 110. A cross head 115, for details see Fig. 13, coacting with each shank 109,

lcomprises, the Vertical member -116` withl which are formedthe horizontal members 2Q 117, which latter are in slidable engagement with the shank 109. The horizontal members have formed therewith cavities 119, '1n which are fastened guide plates 120, which engage the guides 60. A flange 121 is formed with each cross head 115. feathers 12.2 are fastened to each shank 109 and slidablyengage grooves in the horizontal members 117 of the cross heads. Springs-123 encircle the shank 109 and bear between the collar 110 and the members 117 of the cross head 115. In each 'of the housings 64 and 65, as already stated, is journaled a shaft 96, which takes the place of the shaft 75 and towhich is fastened one of the worms 99.4 Each of the V latter housings is provided with thescrew 108 with its appurtenances which coact with its cross head 115.

To a pair of the flanges 121 of each unit A, B and C is bolted the cross I beam 124. To the I beam 124 are fastened the longitudinal channel irons 128. Tracks 130,'With the guide strips 131 are positioned upon and fastened to the cross I beams 124. Each pair of beams 124, with its appurtenances, comprises lthe 45. lower carriage L of each unit A,B and C.

The upper carriage, designated inv its enltirety by the letter U, comprises the cross H beams 13,2, to which are fastened the longitudinal H beams 133. To the lower faces of the H beams 132 are fastened the shoes 135,

which engage and slide upon the guide strips 131, by virtueof which each upper carriage U, with its appurtenances to be described, is slidably supported upon its accompanying lower carriage L.

' T o the lower faces of the longitudinal H beams 133 are-fastened the pairs of journal brackets 140 having the caps 141,4 and Vthe pairs of journal brackets 142 having the caps Theaxial center of the brackets 142 is below the axial center of the brackets 140. Bushings 144 are provided for the journal brackets 140 and 142, which are clamped in vplace by the caps 141 and 143.

In each pair of bushings 144 is journaled the drumshaft 145. One of the'shafts 145 of each un1t A, B and C extends beyond one of its journal brackets` and has fastened thereto the elongated pinion 146.

To each of the shafts 145 ofthe units A and B is fastened an operating drum designated in its entirety by the letter D (for details see.

Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 11). Each drum D comprises the pair of hubs151, from which extend the webs 152, andthe latter join with the shell 153. Each of the hubs 151 has a portion 154 reduced in diameter. A ring 155 of electric insulating material is fastenedto each ofthe hubs of the drum. .An electric conductor ring 156 is fastened to each ring 155. Each ofthe conductor rings 156 has extending therefrom a`terminal 157. A coil 160 has its ends connected to the terminals 157. Brackets 161 fastened to the inner face of the shell 153 secure the coil 160 in place. Notches 165 extend longitudinally l into the outer face of the shell 153, and have secured therein the. grinding segments 166,

which do. not extend the fu'll length of the shell 153. A spur gear 170 is fastened to each shell 153 by means of the screws 171. brackets 172 -maintain the. segments 166y in fixed position to the shell 153, said brackets being fastened to the said shell 153. r

A support 175, for details see Fi 14, extends from each of the caps 141 an 143 and has secured thereto the plug 176 of the electric insulating material. A terminal screw 177 having the nut 178 is supported in each plug 176. A brush holder 179 has formed `theresaid segments and to with the brush-180. The brush holder 179 is securedin place by the screw 17 7 with its nut 17 8, and the brush 180 bears against the electric conductor ring 156.

' On the top of one of the longitudinal H beams 133 o each u nit is located the bracket 184, on which latter is supported the electricI motor 185. A second bracket 18.6 is fastened to the bracket 184.

A pinion 187 is fastened to thearmature shaft of the electric motor 185, and an inter mediate pinion 188 is journaled on la pivot 189 extending from the bracket 186. The pinions 187 and 188 mesh with each other, and the latter pinion 188 meshes withthe spur gear 170. An ammeter 190 is provided for each electric motor 185.

A pair of brackets 194 extend from each longitudinal H beam 133 of each unit A and Angle Figs. 4 and 5. A link 201 has one end pinned to the bracket 200 by means of the pin 202. The other-end of the link 201 is pinned to the triangular shaped link 205, by means of the pin 206.

A bracket 208 is fastenedv to one of the channel irons 128 of the lower carriage L.

The triangular shaped link 205 is pinned to the bracket 208 by means of the pin 209. A shaft 210 is journaled in the bracket 208 and has fastened thereto one end of the arm 211. A link 212 connects the triangular shaped link 205 and the arm 211, by means of the pins 213 and 214. The pin214 is threaded at one end and is provided-with the nut 215, to be enabled to disengage the link 212 from the arm 211. The shaft 210 is supported in a pair of journal brackets 218 and 219 formed with the bracket 208. A worm wheel 225 is fastened to the shaft 210. A second pair of g journal bearings 226 are formed with the bracket 208, and have journaled therein the shaft 227, to which is fastened the worm 228 that meshes with the worm wheel 225. At one end of the shaft 227 is fastened the spur gear 230 which meshes with the elongated pinion 146. i

To one of the vertical Hbeams 58 of each of the units A, B and C'is fastened the brackf et 231, see Figs. 3 and 4, which is on the same level vwit-h the bracket 71 of its unit. Eyes 232 extend from the lower face of the brackets 71 and 231 and support the discharge pipe 233 having the perforations 234 in the lower side. @ne end of eachv of the pipes 233 is closed with the plug 235.

In the unit C, for details see Figs'. 9 and 10, are fastened to its journal brackets 140 and 142, the hollow shafts 239 that have formed therewith the outlet openings 240. A pair of polishing drums each designated in its entirety by the letter P, have each the hubs 241 with the bushings 242. Webs 243 extend from the hubs 241 and support the shell 244. Open- `ings 245 are formed in the shell 244. A spur gear 246 is fastened to the shell 244 by means of the bolts 247. The spur gear 246 meshes with the pinion 188 of its unit C. Afelt covering 248 is fastened to the outer surface of each shell 244.

A tank 253 is supported on one of the H beams 133 of the unit (l. Piping 254 having the valve 255 extends 'from the tank 253. Flexible tubes 256 extend from the piping 254 and are provided with the metallic threaded ends 257 .i The latter are in threaded engagement with the hollow shaft 239.

To operate the machine the lower carriages L and the upper carriages U are located to bring the grinding segments 166 of the operating drums D, one of each pair of which is lower than the other, and the polishing drums P, one of which is lower than theother, in proper position for stones or other material to be operated upon, by means of the electric motors 72. The motors72 through the pinions 7 3 and the spur gears 79 turn the worms 99, which latter 'turn the worm wheels 104. By this means the sleeves 100 are turned and thereby the vertical screws 108 are moved vertically up or down. With the vertical movements of the Shanks 109 of the crews 108 the'cross heads 115-are raised or lowered, by means of which the lower 'carriage L and the upper carriage U of each unit A, B and C with'their appurtenances are verticallymoved 1n proper position.

Plates 260 are placed upon the supporting rollers 50 at the entrance end E of the machine. The stones 'S to be operated upon are then located upon the plates 260 and securely positioned with Wedges 266 or blocks 267, and the like, if necessary. The rear end of each stone is placed to abut against one of the push rods 47. The sprocket chains 40 arethen driven by rotating the sprocket cham Wheels 39, fastened to the shaft 36, by means, not shown,lcoacting with said shaft. With the movement of the sprocket chains 40, the push rods 47 feed the stones S toward the drums D of the units A and B and the polishing drum P of the unit C. The drums of each unit are turned in opposite directions by the electric motors 185. The hopper 195 of the unit A is charged with small steel grinding balls 2.70, and the hopper 195 of the unit B is filled with steel powder.

. somewhat greater extent than the steel balls 270 and the particles of steel powder. When the drums D of the unit A turnv the segments 166 will pick the balls 270 from its curtain and -which will adhere Vto the outer edges of said segments 166. The steel powder which is discharged from the hopper of the unit B will in the same manner adhere to the outer edges of the segments of the latter unit.

The stones S while being fed to the drums D of the unit A, will have their upper faces brought in Contact with the steel balls 270 s Aand the outer edges of the segments 166 of said unit A, by means of which the faces of the stones S are subjected to the first o eration of grinding. When the stones are brought to the unit B, the steel powder which hangs in a curtain from the hopper of said unit B is pickedv therefrom by the operating segments 166 of the latter unit, by means of which the face of the stone is subjected to the second operation of grinding. While the electric motors 185, of the unit A and B, are turning, the upper carriage U of each unit A and B is'slowly moved crossl wise short distance, by means of the links 212, and their appurtenances, which produces even cuts on the stones. After the stones pass each of the units A and B, the jets of Water discharge from the pipes 233, clean the surface of said stones. .The stones S are now brought to the unit C, where their surfaces are polished by means of thefelt coveroperations of the units A and B. The felt coverings are saturated with a polishing compound contained in the tank 253. The supply of the compound is regulated by the valve 255. The stones S in the unit C are polished by the rotations of the polishing drums P and the compound in the drums is ejected through the openings 245. In the unit C the upper carriage U thereof is also moved crossWisc to secure a fine `polish to the surfaces of the stones. The stones S- are finally Washed when leaving the unit. C by jets of water discharged fromv the pipe 233 ofsaid unit. T he stones are finally removed at the exit end X vof the machine.

The ammeters 190 measure the strength of thefelectric current passing through the electric motors 185, and thereby indicate the pressure .to which the surfaces of the stones operated upon are subjected.

The springs 123 of the cross headsll with their appurtenances provide flexible means for supporting the upper carriagesll and the lower carriages L.- By this means when a stone S is encountered with a hard spot and the grinding segments 166, or the polishing drums P, do not eflieiently perform their functions, the said carriages of the units are slightly raised toprevent injury to the machine. f.

Referring to Fig. 11, if moulded work is td be made with the stones S, instead of the grinding segments- 166, t-he grinding segments 2,75 having the edges 277 conforming to the moulded work to be produced are used.

Referring to Figs.'17 and 18, the 'supporting rollers 50 are again shown with the channel irons V48. The sprocket chains arein this instance indicated at 280, and the alternate links thereof have formed therein an elongated opening 281 for the push bars 47. In this modification the sprocket chain wheels 282; similar to 38 and 39, are large enough in diameter to locate the sprocket chains 280 on a level to bring the push bars 47 above the rollers 50. In this modification the supplemental links 45 are not used.

Referring to Fig. 19, the sprocket chain Wheel 39, of which there are two at the exit end of the machine, are fastened to the shaft 36. The journal bracket 34 is supported on the platform 24. The sprocket chain in this instance has alternate links 290, which have,4

formed therein cavities. Each of said cavities is formed with the curved end wall 291, the straight end wall 292 and the bottom wall .293. The pusher bars 47 are sup orted 1n said cavities when functioning in t e machine. An inclined platform 295 extends up from tv he platform 24. When the links havmg saidy cavities revolve with the turns of the wheels 39, the pusher bars 47 fall fromv the said cavities upon the inclined platform 295, as well asthe plates 260. ing 248, in a manner similar to 4that of the Referring to Figs. 20 and 21, va grinding drum 300 similar to the drums D is indicated j ing segments 166. The blocks 301 of one roW break joints with the blocks of the adjacent 1ows. AA grindin g unit similar to A or B may be provided between the units B and C with grinding drums like 300. i

'Various modifications of the invention may be made and the present exemplification is to be -taken as' illustrative and not limitative thereof. i

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim is: 1. In a grinding and polishing machine the combination of a rotating operating drum journaled therein, grinding segments detachably connected to and extending from the drum, means to magnetize said segments and grinding means magnetically carried 0n the outer edge of each segment.

2. 1n a grinding and polishing machine the combination of operating drums joureach segment by virtue of its magnetism and means to` move an object operated upon against said grinding meansfandsegments.

3. In a grinding and polishing machine the 4combination of tivo pairsof operating drums,'means to turn the drums, grinding segments extending from each drum. means to magnetize said segments. a hopper having an outlet opening positioned adjacent tocach pair of drums, steel balls placed in one of said hoppers, steel powderplaced in the other hopper, means to magnetize said steel balls while in their hopper, means to magnetize said steel powder while, in its hopper, said steel balls automatically discharged through the opening of their hopper and suspended invthe form of an apron therefrom, said steel powder automatically discharged from its hopper and automatically suspended in the form of an apron therefrom, said grinding segments of. one pair of drums during their rotation plucking said balls from said curtain of steel balls. and the sccond pair of drums plueki-ng particles of the steel powder from the other curtain during their rotation, a pair of polishing drums journaled in the machine. means to turn the latter drums, means to feed a polishing mate- I rial to the outer surface of each of the latter drums and means toiirst feed'stones to be operated upon against said. grlnding segments and the steel balls of lthe lirst palr of drums, said means then feeding saidstones prising four vertical beams, a screw rotat ably connected to each of'said beams, means to ralse and lower sald screws, a cross head iiexibly connected to each screw, 'a cross beam connected to each pair of the cross heads `of,

each unit, longitudinal beams connecting 1 y. said cross beams of each unit, the cross heads of each unit with its beams constituting a lower carriage, an upper carriage slidable 'Y crosswise supported on each lower carriage, a pair of rotating operating drums one on a level below the other journaledto the upper carriage of two of said units, a pair of polishing drums journaled to the upper carriage of the third unit, one polishing drum on a level below the other, a pipe having perforations for the discharge of water supported in each unit, a plurality of rollers posi-v tioned between the beams of each unit below its drums, a link sprocket chain on the outer sides of said rollers, pusher bars adapted to detachably connect said chains, means to move said chains and plates adapted to carry objects to be operated upon located upon said rollers, said pusher bars positioned to bear against the rear portions of said objects operated u on. i

5. In a grindlng and polishing machine the combination of rotating drums journaled therein, grinding means carried by the drums, rotating polishing drums journaled in the machine, rollers journaled'in the machine in a plane below and spaced from said drums,

two pairs of sprocket chain wheels journaled in the machine below said drums, means to rotate a pair of said wheels, sprocket chains comprising pairs of links connecting said sprocket chain wheels, the 'alternateI pairs of the links ofthe sprocket chains having cavities with end Walls and a`bottom Wall, a pusher bar adapted to be supported in the cavities of each .alternate pair of the links of one chain and in the corresponding cavities of the links of the other chain, plates supported on said rollers, for supporting objects to be operated upon with one end of each objectcontacting with one of said pusher bars, said objects fed to and below said drums with the movement of said sprocket chains, and an inclined platform adjacent to the exit end of said machine to receive said pusher bars and said plates as they drop from the cavities ofthel sprocket chains at the exit end of the machine.

6. In a machine of' the character described the combination of a'.;pair ofA rotating drums, grinding segments 'extending' from each drum, means to magnetize said segments, a hopper having an outlet opening adjacent to said drums, steel balls in said hop r, means to magnctize said balls while in t e hopper, said balls discharged through the opening of said hopper and suspended in the form of an apron therefrom, said grinding segments during the rotation of the drums plucking said balls'from said apron and means to feed an object to be operated u on against `said lgrinding segments.

Signe at the boroughvof Brooklyn, city of Newj, York, in the county of Kings and State of New York this 29th day of October ISIDORE J. HASKEL. 

